| TOURISM VALUE CHAIN AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH AFRICA Published Date :
12 May 2017
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1.06 MB
Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) policy in South Africa aims to accelerate the inclusion of black people into the economy through company ownership, human resources, and enterprise and community development. Statistics South Africa (Stats SA, 2012) indicate that 91 per cent of South Africa’s 52 million people is comprised of black people. Persons of black African origin comprise 79 per cent of the population, 9 per cent are Coloured, and 2.5 per cent are of Asian origin. Yet economic wealth is held by a white population representing 9 per cent of the population. Therefore, government insists that the pace of transformation, and implementation of B-BBEE policy in the private sector, including the tourism sector, is slow and needs addressing. |
| INTERVENTIONS AND INCENTIVES NEEDED TO IMPROVE THE NUMBER OF ENTERPRISES, INCLUDING STATE-OWNED TOURISM ATTRACTIONS, THAT EMBRACE RESPONSIBLE TOURISM MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Published Date :
12 May 2017
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3.16 MB
Tourism activities have a direct and indirect impact on the environment. Global acknowledgement of this issue resulted in the introduction of responsible tourism programmes at the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, the result of which were Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration which articulated the main principles for sustainable development in the 21st century (WTTC et al., 2002). In 1999, the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) established the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET) to achieve responsible and sustainable tourism. The Global Code of Ethics is a set of principles designed to guide key players in tourism development including governments, the travel industry, communities and tourists. |
| THE GOVERNANCE AND COORDINATION IN MARINE AND COASTAL TOURISM: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Published Date :
12 May 2017
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0.66 MB
At the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) held in 2014, coastal and marine tourism was identified as one of the key sectors contributing towards the oceans economy. The concept of the oceans economy, also referred to as the blue economy, is one that simultaneously promotes economic growth, environmental sustainability, social inclusion and the strengthening of oceans ecosystems (The Commonwealth, 2014). The oceans economy offers significant development opportunities for sectors such as sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, renewable marine energy, marine bio-prospecting, maritime transport and marine and coastal tourism as indicated by UNCTAD. |
| A model to measure South Africa’s tourism competitiveness Published Date :
03 February 2017
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4.51 MB
The aim of this study was to identify an appropriate set of indicators of destination competitiveness that are relevant to South Africa as a tourism destination with a view to developing and applying a model to measure and rate the country's competitiveness, relative to its potential. There were two stages to this project, the first was conducted in 2013 where the outcome was a definition which guided the study and a conceptual set of indicators that are appropriate to South Africa to measure its tourism destination competitiveness. The second stage, completed in March 2015 validated the set of indicators to test South Africa's competitiveness as a tourist destination against specific competitors and within traditional and emerging source markets. Once the conceptual factors and indicators had been determined, input from stakeholders in the tourism industry in South Africa was sought. Main competitors and source markets were identified; burning issues in the industry which negatively impacts tourism to South Africa; the performance of both the private and public sectors in tourism; as well as the determinant indicators, were identified. |
| Customer Service Satisfaction Levels of Domestic Tourists at Accommodation Establishments in South Africa 2013 Published Date :
03 February 2017
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1.57 MB
Service excellence is a key driver of bottom-line results in the accommodation sector of the tourism industry. This study investigated the customer service satisfaction levels of domestic tourists at accommodation establishments in South Africa. However, challenges highlighted in the NTSS include the poor culture of service, lack of service ethos and skills, inconsistent customer service delivery, exacerbated by poor leadership in these areas.
The problem statement for the study was that the accommodation sector in South Africa lacks an in-country approach to the development of customer service excellence as a result of a poor service delivery culture. This resulted in the need to address the development of a service excellence culture that will improve on customer service level satisfaction.
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| Development of a framework to measure the impact of events Published Date :
03 February 2017
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1.37 MB
Events are an important element in the marketing of tourism and feature prominently in the marketing plans of most destinations. They offer tourists additional reasons to visit a place, over and above the traditional tourism product offered. In order to assess the impact of events on the tourism sector as well as to justify the funding for events from both the public and private sectors, it is necessary to develop a standardised framework that can assist to measure the impact of a range of events. The main purpose of this research study is to develop a standardised framework to measure the impact of events of different types and sizes in South Africa. Phase one of the study focused on reviewing literature on the different models and methods used in the evaluation of events and further identifying the relevant indicators that can be used to measure the impact of events of different types and sizes in South Africa. Phase two of the study conducted in 2014/2015 focused on finalising the development of indicators, piloting them and evaluating five different types of events and of different sizes, spread across several Provinces. Phase three of the study conducted in 2015/2016 focused on developing, piloting and finalising the framework for implementation which includes capacity building to tourism officials in utilising the framework as well as the development of training manuals for implementation and workshop facilitation. |
| Harmonised tourist guiding in Southern Africa Published Date :
03 February 2017
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12.41 MB
Tourist guiding, being a professional activity, is one that requires appropriate training in order to achieve the required standards which are set by professional bodies. The ultimate goal of the study is to develop a potential framework that outlines a harmonised training, accreditation and registration system for possible cross-border tourist guides in the southern African region. In addition to the three-terraced solution in terms of the alignment of training in the seven southern Africa countries, the study also introduces “tourismscapes” as a model for cross-border tourism. |
| Local economic development: the case for tourism events Published Date :
03 February 2017
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1.02 MB
The main objective of this study was to determine how event tourism can be used to promote local economic development in South Africa.
Tourism sector development is regarded as a key ingredient for local economic development (LED) by both the National Development Plan (NDP) and the National Tourism Sector Strategy (NTSS). The hosting of events, commonly known as event tourism, is an important tourism sub-sector that can be used as a tool for promoting LED.
Event tourism is concerned with the roles that festivals and special events can play in destination development and the maximisation of an event’s attractiveness to tourists. Destinations hosting events of cultural significance such as religious gatherings have the potential to adopt event tourism as a development strategy.
The National Department of Tourism (NDT) tasked the University of Venda to identify key success factors in hosting of events, and make recommendations on how events can be used as a broader strategy for municipalities to develop local economies.
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| Regional competitiveness: An emerging domestic market segment perspective Published Date :
03 February 2017
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2.08 MB
Tourism is an economic growth engine with a particular focus at regional level, but its national impact remains important. At a regional level, tourism is presented as an essential tool for development and economic growth, believed to be one of the mechanisms used to avoid economic stagnation. Understanding competitiveness in tourism at a regional level is important for policy makers and a major challenge for professionals in providing evidence to inform decision-making. The overall aim of this study is to develop a model that would assess provincial competitiveness and apply the model to selected provinces in South Africa. The study was conducted from an emerging domestic market viewpoint, based on selected sub-segments. The study is based on the premise that factors and indicators that are relevant to different regions must be identified, both those that are relevant for any destination, as well as those that are specific to particular destinations. |
| The impact of Community Based Tourism (CBT) projects on local communities in KwaZulu-Natal Published Date :
03 February 2017
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0.84 MB
Tourism is one of the largest industries globally. Being a labour intensive industry with a supply chain that links across many sectors, tourism is a priority sector to the government. However, the involvement of community members in a project is often dependent upon the benefits that it can provide for the community, such as physical development of the area, the inclusion of community requests in project planning and development and the economic returns from the project for community members.
To understand the impact of community based tourism projects in KwaZulu Natal, the research used a multi-pronged approach by applying naturalistic enquiry principles. Two case studies were selected for this study namely, Ugu District Municipality and Ethekwini Municipality. The former was chosen because of its potential to provide best practices whilst the later provided a broader perspective due to the number of tourists received by the City annually. The study shows that CBT projects have a potential to uplift the community’s livelihoods. A number of community benefits were realised, but the viability of CBTs is affected by other variables. Despite increasing the community’s standard of living and creating employment opportunities, collective benefits are not enough to cater for all the needs of the community members. The study notes the challenges of CBTs and recommendations are made on the future direction.
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